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Thoracic vertebrae vertebral arch9/8/2023 Articulates with the atlas cranially, see “ atlanto-axial joint” below.Characterized by the odontoid process ( dens), which projects cranially from the vertebral body into the vertebral foramen of the atlas.Articulates with the occiput cranially and the axis caudally, see “ atlanto-occipital joint” and “ atlanto-axial joint” below.Has no vertebral body: consists of an anterior and a posterior arch.All vertebral foramina together form the vertebral canal, containing:.Central space between the vertebral arch and vertebral body.The region between the superior and inferior articular processes at the junction of the pedicle and lamina is called the pars interarticularis.Flat surfaces at the junction of the pedicles and laminae, two superiorly and two inferiorly, that articulate with the articular processes of the adjacent vertebrae, forming the zygapophyseal (facet) joints.The transverse processes of the lumbar vertebrae are also called costal processes.Postero- lateral processes emerging at the junction of the pedicles and laminae on each side.Spinous process: single posterior midline process emerging at the junction of the two laminae.The T1 nerve and the nerves below exit inferior to the pedicle of the corresponding vertebral body.C8 nerves exit inferior to the pedicles of C7 because there is no C8 vertebra.C1–C7 nerves exit superior to the pedicles of C1–C7.Lateral space between the pedicles of two adjacent vertebrae, from which spinal nerves and their vessels emerge.Attachment site of the ligamentum flavum from C2/3 to the sacrum.Posterior part of the vertebral arch, between transverse processes and spinous process.
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